See anticholinergic on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂ent-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ent-#Proto-Indo-European:_front"
],
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s#Proto-Indo-European:_amphikinetic"
],
[
"*h₂énts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂énts#Proto-Indo-European:_front"
],
[
"*-i",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-i#Proto-Indo-European:_locative"
],
[
"*h₂énti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂énti#Proto-Indo-European:_in_front"
],
[
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],
[
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],
[
"anti-",
"anti-#English"
],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
"choline",
"choline#English"
],
[
"-ergy",
"-ergy#English"
],
[
"*-ikos",
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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"-ergic#English"
],
[
"cholinergic",
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],
[
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],
[
"cholinergic",
"cholinergic#English"
]
],
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{
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"2": ":af",
"3": "anti-",
"4": "cholinergic",
"text": "+",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts\nProto-Indo-European *-i\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énti\nAncient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ (ăntĭ́)\nAncient Greek ἀντι- (anti-)der.\nEnglish anti-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-\nProto-Hellenic *kʰolā́\nAncient Greek χολή (kholḗ)der.\nEnglish choline\nEnglish -ergy\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icuslbor.\nOld French -iquebor.\nMiddle English -ik\nEnglish -ic\nEnglish -ergic\nEnglish cholinergic\nEnglish anticholinergic\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"anti-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"against\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"in front\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ent-\", \"gloss\" : \"face, forehead; 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\"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀντι-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"anti-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bile\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"green\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰelh₃-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*kʰolā́\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"χολή\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"choline\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ergy\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ic\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], 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\"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"anticholinergic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"anticholinergic\">\nFrom anti- + cholinergic.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts\nProto-Indo-European *-i\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énti\nAncient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ (ăntĭ́)\nAncient Greek ἀντι- (anti-)der.\nEnglish anti-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-\nProto-Hellenic *kʰolā́\nAncient Greek χολή (kholḗ)der.\nEnglish choline\nEnglish -ergy\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icuslbor.\nOld French -iquebor.\nMiddle English -ik\nEnglish -ic\nEnglish -ergic\nEnglish cholinergic\nEnglish anticholinergic\nFrom anti- + cholinergic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more anticholinergic",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most anticholinergic",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
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"args": {},
"expansion": "anticholinergic (comparative more anticholinergic, superlative most anticholinergic)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
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{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 35",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"derived": [
{
"word": "nonanticholinergic"
}
],
"glosses": [
"That inhibits the physiological action of acetylcholine at a receptor site."
],
"id": "en-anticholinergic-en-adj-QzOe~NpK",
"links": [
[
"inhibit",
"inhibit"
],
[
"acetylcholine",
"acetylcholine"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "inhibiting the action of acetylcholine",
"word": "anticolinèrgic"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "inhibiting the action of acetylcholine",
"word": "anticholinergní"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "inhibiting the action of acetylcholine",
"word": "anticholinerg"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "inhibiting the action of acetylcholine",
"word": "anticolinérgico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "inhibiting the action of acetylcholine",
"word": "anticolinérgico"
}
]
}
],
"word": "anticholinergic"
}
{
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[
"*h₂ent-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ent-#Proto-Indo-European:_front"
],
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s#Proto-Indo-European:_amphikinetic"
],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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"anti-#English"
],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
"choline",
"choline#English"
],
[
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"-ergy#English"
],
[
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],
[
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],
[
"-icus",
"-icus#Latin:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-ique",
"-ique#Old_French:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-ik",
"-ik#Middle_English:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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]
],
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"3": "anti-",
"4": "cholinergic",
"text": "+",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts\nProto-Indo-European *-i\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énti\nAncient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ (ăntĭ́)\nAncient Greek ἀντι- (anti-)der.\nEnglish anti-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-\nProto-Hellenic *kʰolā́\nAncient Greek χολή (kholḗ)der.\nEnglish choline\nEnglish -ergy\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icuslbor.\nOld French -iquebor.\nMiddle English -ik\nEnglish -ic\nEnglish -ergic\nEnglish cholinergic\nEnglish anticholinergic\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"anti-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"against\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"in front\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ent-\", \"gloss\" : \"face, forehead; 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\"English\", \"term\" : \"choline\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ergy\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ic\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-icus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ique\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ik\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ergic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cholinergic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"anticholinergic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"anticholinergic\">\nFrom anti- + cholinergic.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts\nProto-Indo-European *-i\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énti\nAncient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ (ăntĭ́)\nAncient Greek ἀντι- (anti-)der.\nEnglish anti-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-\nProto-Hellenic *kʰolā́\nAncient Greek χολή (kholḗ)der.\nEnglish choline\nEnglish -ergy\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icuslbor.\nOld French -iquebor.\nMiddle English -ik\nEnglish -ic\nEnglish -ergic\nEnglish cholinergic\nEnglish anticholinergic\nFrom anti- + cholinergic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "anticholinergics",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "anticholinergic (plural anticholinergics)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
58,
74
]
],
"ref": "2022, Jerrold S. Meyer, Andrew M. Farrar, Dominik Biezonski, Jennifer R. Yates, editors, Psychopharmacology, Fourth edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 63:",
"text": "While the hallucinations produced by jimsonweed and other anticholinergics are frequently described as frightening or even “nightmarish,” the toxic anticholinergic syndrome caused by jimsonweed can include seizures, CNS depression, respiratory failure, and cardiac abnormalities, all of which can be life-threatening.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of a class of drugs, typically used to treat various disorders and some forms of poisoning, which inhibit the physiological action of acetylcholine at a receptor site."
],
"id": "en-anticholinergic-en-noun-kSZlT6Ol",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"drug",
"drug"
],
[
"disorder",
"disorder"
],
[
"poisoning",
"poisoning"
],
[
"inhibit",
"inhibit"
],
[
"acetylcholine",
"acetylcholine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) Any of a class of drugs, typically used to treat various disorders and some forms of poisoning, which inhibit the physiological action of acetylcholine at a receptor site."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "any drug which inhibits the physiological action of acetylcholine at a receptor site",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Anticholinergikum"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "any drug which inhibits the physiological action of acetylcholine at a receptor site",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anticolinérgico"
}
]
}
],
"word": "anticholinergic"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ent-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰelh₃-",
"English terms prefixed with anti-",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "nonanticholinergic"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂ent-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ent-#Proto-Indo-European:_front"
],
[
"*-s",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s#Proto-Indo-European:_amphikinetic"
],
[
"*h₂énts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂énts#Proto-Indo-European:_front"
],
[
"*-i",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-i#Proto-Indo-European:_locative"
],
[
"*h₂énti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂énti#Proto-Indo-European:_in_front"
],
[
"ᾰ̓ντῐ́",
"ἀντί#Ancient_Greek:_against"
],
[
"ἀντι-",
"ἀντι-#Ancient_Greek:_anti-"
],
[
"anti-",
"anti-#English"
],
[
"*ǵʰelh₃-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰelh₃-#Proto-Indo-European:_green"
],
[
"*kʰolā́",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/kʰolā́#Proto-Hellenic:_bile"
],
[
"χολή",
"χολή#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"choline",
"choline#English"
],
[
"-ergy",
"-ergy#English"
],
[
"*-ikos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ikos"
],
[
"*-ikos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ikos#Proto-Italic:_-ic"
],
[
"-icus",
"-icus#Latin:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-ique",
"-ique#Old_French:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-ik",
"-ik#Middle_English:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-ic",
"-ic#English"
],
[
"-ergic",
"-ergic#English"
],
[
"cholinergic",
"cholinergic#English"
],
[
"anti-",
"anti-#English"
],
[
"cholinergic",
"cholinergic#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "anti-",
"4": "cholinergic",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts\nProto-Indo-European *-i\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énti\nAncient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ (ăntĭ́)\nAncient Greek ἀντι- (anti-)der.\nEnglish anti-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-\nProto-Hellenic *kʰolā́\nAncient Greek χολή (kholḗ)der.\nEnglish choline\nEnglish -ergy\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icuslbor.\nOld French -iquebor.\nMiddle English -ik\nEnglish -ic\nEnglish -ergic\nEnglish cholinergic\nEnglish anticholinergic\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"anti-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"against\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"in front\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ent-\", \"gloss\" : \"face, forehead; front\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"amphikinetic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂énts\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"locative\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-i\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂énti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ᾰ̓ντῐ́\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀντι-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"anti-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bile\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"green\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰelh₃-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*kʰolā́\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"χολή\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"choline\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ergy\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ic\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-icus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ique\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ik\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ergic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cholinergic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"anticholinergic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"anticholinergic\">\nFrom anti- + cholinergic.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts\nProto-Indo-European *-i\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énti\nAncient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ (ăntĭ́)\nAncient Greek ἀντι- (anti-)der.\nEnglish anti-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-\nProto-Hellenic *kʰolā́\nAncient Greek χολή (kholḗ)der.\nEnglish choline\nEnglish -ergy\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icuslbor.\nOld French -iquebor.\nMiddle English -ik\nEnglish -ic\nEnglish -ergic\nEnglish cholinergic\nEnglish anticholinergic\nFrom anti- + cholinergic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more anticholinergic",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most anticholinergic",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "anticholinergic (comparative more anticholinergic, superlative most anticholinergic)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"That inhibits the physiological action of acetylcholine at a receptor site."
],
"links": [
[
"inhibit",
"inhibit"
],
[
"acetylcholine",
"acetylcholine"
]
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "inhibiting the action of acetylcholine",
"word": "anticolinèrgic"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "inhibiting the action of acetylcholine",
"word": "anticholinergní"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "inhibiting the action of acetylcholine",
"word": "anticholinerg"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "inhibiting the action of acetylcholine",
"word": "anticolinérgico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "inhibiting the action of acetylcholine",
"word": "anticolinérgico"
}
],
"word": "anticholinergic"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ent-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰelh₃-",
"English terms prefixed with anti-",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂ent-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ent-#Proto-Indo-European:_front"
],
[
"*-s",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s#Proto-Indo-European:_amphikinetic"
],
[
"*h₂énts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂énts#Proto-Indo-European:_front"
],
[
"*-i",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-i#Proto-Indo-European:_locative"
],
[
"*h₂énti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂énti#Proto-Indo-European:_in_front"
],
[
"ᾰ̓ντῐ́",
"ἀντί#Ancient_Greek:_against"
],
[
"ἀντι-",
"ἀντι-#Ancient_Greek:_anti-"
],
[
"anti-",
"anti-#English"
],
[
"*ǵʰelh₃-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰelh₃-#Proto-Indo-European:_green"
],
[
"*kʰolā́",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/kʰolā́#Proto-Hellenic:_bile"
],
[
"χολή",
"χολή#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"choline",
"choline#English"
],
[
"-ergy",
"-ergy#English"
],
[
"*-ikos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ikos"
],
[
"*-ikos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ikos#Proto-Italic:_-ic"
],
[
"-icus",
"-icus#Latin:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-ique",
"-ique#Old_French:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-ik",
"-ik#Middle_English:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-ic",
"-ic#English"
],
[
"-ergic",
"-ergic#English"
],
[
"cholinergic",
"cholinergic#English"
],
[
"anti-",
"anti-#English"
],
[
"cholinergic",
"cholinergic#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "anti-",
"4": "cholinergic",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts\nProto-Indo-European *-i\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énti\nAncient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ (ăntĭ́)\nAncient Greek ἀντι- (anti-)der.\nEnglish anti-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-\nProto-Hellenic *kʰolā́\nAncient Greek χολή (kholḗ)der.\nEnglish choline\nEnglish -ergy\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icuslbor.\nOld French -iquebor.\nMiddle English -ik\nEnglish -ic\nEnglish -ergic\nEnglish cholinergic\nEnglish anticholinergic\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"anti-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"against\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"in front\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ent-\", \"gloss\" : \"face, forehead; front\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"amphikinetic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂énts\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"locative\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-i\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂énti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ᾰ̓ντῐ́\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀντι-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"anti-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bile\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"green\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰelh₃-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*kʰolā́\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"χολή\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"choline\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ergy\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ic\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-icus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ique\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ik\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ergic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cholinergic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"anticholinergic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"anticholinergic\">\nFrom anti- + cholinergic.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts\nProto-Indo-European *-i\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énti\nAncient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ (ăntĭ́)\nAncient Greek ἀντι- (anti-)der.\nEnglish anti-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-\nProto-Hellenic *kʰolā́\nAncient Greek χολή (kholḗ)der.\nEnglish choline\nEnglish -ergy\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icuslbor.\nOld French -iquebor.\nMiddle English -ik\nEnglish -ic\nEnglish -ergic\nEnglish cholinergic\nEnglish anticholinergic\nFrom anti- + cholinergic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "anticholinergics",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "anticholinergic (plural anticholinergics)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Medicine"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
58,
74
]
],
"ref": "2022, Jerrold S. Meyer, Andrew M. Farrar, Dominik Biezonski, Jennifer R. Yates, editors, Psychopharmacology, Fourth edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 63:",
"text": "While the hallucinations produced by jimsonweed and other anticholinergics are frequently described as frightening or even “nightmarish,” the toxic anticholinergic syndrome caused by jimsonweed can include seizures, CNS depression, respiratory failure, and cardiac abnormalities, all of which can be life-threatening.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of a class of drugs, typically used to treat various disorders and some forms of poisoning, which inhibit the physiological action of acetylcholine at a receptor site."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"drug",
"drug"
],
[
"disorder",
"disorder"
],
[
"poisoning",
"poisoning"
],
[
"inhibit",
"inhibit"
],
[
"acetylcholine",
"acetylcholine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) Any of a class of drugs, typically used to treat various disorders and some forms of poisoning, which inhibit the physiological action of acetylcholine at a receptor site."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "any drug which inhibits the physiological action of acetylcholine at a receptor site",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Anticholinergikum"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "any drug which inhibits the physiological action of acetylcholine at a receptor site",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anticolinérgico"
}
],
"word": "anticholinergic"
}
Download raw JSONL data for anticholinergic meaning in All languages combined (19.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.